Task force: PSA prostate cancer screening tests do more harm than good

Dr. Virginia Moyer, who sits on the task force, cited that only one out of every 1,000 men who are screened would actually benefit from the exam. Instead, most will have to deal with side effects from treatment that can range from incontinence and impotence, to stroke and death.

"Your primary care physician shouldn't routinely offer the exam," said Moyer. "But if a patient brings it up, that doctor has a responsibility to inform them of the potential harms and risk."

However, the American Urological Association is not changing its stance on the PSA test. "We at the AUA still recommend the PSA, with its imperfections," said Dr. Chris Amling. "It's the wrong thing to deny a man if he wants to have this test."

The PSA test measures the amount of prostate-specific antigens in the blood. While the screening detects the presence of prostate cancer, it cannot make the distinction between aggressive, fast moving cancers, and the more common slow growing ones.

"There is no other screening test for prostate cancer. It's clear that the only way to cure prostate is to detect it early," Amling emphasized.

According to the American Cancer Society, prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men, and occurs most often in African-Americans. But survival rates also are very high. The American Cancer Society finds that 91% of all men with prostate cancer will live for 15 years beyond diagnosis. According to the National Cancer Institute, 70% of prostate cancer deaths occur after age 75.

Dr. Otis Brawley, head of the American Cancer Society supports the recommendation of the task force. "People need to realize that science hasn't given us the answer," said Brawley. "In the past, when we don't have a scientific answer, and we've guessed, we've hurt a lot of people."

The task force made its draft recommendation publicly available in October 2011, and reviewed nearly 3,000 comments before issuing its final recommendation.